Detection of colletotrichum coccodes causing leaf anthracnose on pisum. Colletotrichum acutatum found on apple buds in norway jorunn borve, norwegian institute for agricultural and environmental research, ullensvang, 5781 lofthus, norway. Fungal isolates coll153, coll365 and coll524 collected from diseased peppers were found to differ in pathogenicity. Conidia are hyaline, nonseptate, mostly oblong and measure 46 x 19 micrometers. Colletotrichum acutatum colletotrichum gleosporioides. Colletotrichum xanthii has in the past been considered as a synonym of c. The effect of environmental factors on infection of blueberry fruit by colletotrichum acutatum t. The fruit rot manifests itself as sunken areas on ripe fruit with gelatinous, orange spore masses. Anthracnose on strawberry in california is primarily caused by the fungus colletotrichum acutatum, though strawberry is also host to additional species including c.
Causal agent and symptoms the symptoms caused by c. The antagonist and the phytopathogen were put on the opposite sides of. Little is known about how or when the pathogen spreads from colonized tissue above the ground to the root system below. Trichoderma biocontrol of colletotrichum acutatum and. Aug 05, 2008 anthracnose disease caused by colletotrichum species is one of the most economically important diseases reducing marketable yield from 10% to 80% of the crop production in some developing countries, particularly in thailand poonpolgul and kumphai, 2007.
All species of colletotrichum described on were evaluated based on type specimens. General information about colletotrichum acutatum collac colletotrichum xanthii has in the past been considered as a synonym of c. Oct 29, 20 this page was last edited on 15 september 2017, at 00. Little information is known concerning the interactions of the species associated with the chilli anthracnose although several colletotrichum species have been reported as causal agents of chilli anthracnose disease worldwide. In serbia, the occurrence of anthracnose on tomato fruit has been recorded during the last several years. Identification and characterization of colletotrichum spp. However, few studies have been carried out on key aspects of its biology. The variation in pathogenic, morphological, cultural and molecular characteristics of brazilian isolates of colletotrichum acutatum simmonds and isolates from postharvest decays of avocado, banana, guava, papaya, mango and passion fruit was evaluated. The use of plant protection products in the european union. A certain ambiguity remains on its geographical distribution and impact on the strawberry crop, due to confusion with other colletotrichum spp. Glomerella species phylogenetically related to colletotrichum. Colletotrichum crown rot anthracnose crown rot of strawberries.
Colletotrichum acutatum causes anthracnose on peppers capsicum spp. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Several cryptic species have been proposed within the c. Colletotrichum gloeosporioides acervuli, abundant pinkish conidia on pda b.
Anthracnose is favored by periods of high rainfall and high humidity. Colletotrichum acutatum found on apple buds in norway. All isolates were classified into three species as c. Glomerella is a genus of fungi that are symbionts to plants as endophytes living within the plant or phytopathogens. Single gene phylogenetic analyses have also not proved to be very successful in delineating species. Although inoculum from plants showing symptoms at the beginning of a production season can spread to other plants by the end of the season, the disease does not appear. Numerous studies have reported subgroups within the c. Colletotrichum orbiculare anthracnose of cucurbits. Colletotrichum acutatum and colletotrichum gloeosporioides disease cycle the fungus overwinters on mummified fruit and in cracks and crevices in the bark.
Trichoderma biocontrol of colletotrichum acutatum and botrytis cinerea and survival in strawberry stanley freeman 1, dror minz2, inna kolesnik 1, olga barbul, aida zveibil, marcel maymon, yehuda nitzani 1, benny kirshner, dalia ravdavid, alon bilu 1, arnon dag, sharoni sha. In the colletotrichum pathosystem, different colletotrichum species can be associated with anthracnose of the same host. Species belonging to the colletotrichum acutatum complex infect a range of important crops. Colletotrichum naming, control, resistance, biocontrol of. Colletotrichum acutatum black spot of strawberry cabi. Molecular reidentification of strains of the colletotrichum. Characterization of three colletotrichum acutatum isolates. Species of the colletotrichum acutatum complex associated. Online advance fungal diversity 111 a taxonomic reassessment of colletotrichum acutatum, introducing c. Typical fruit symptoms include dark, sunken, and circu. Colletotrichum acutatum and causing leaf spots of olives. Colletotrichum acutatum collacoverview eppo global database.
This is mainly because traditionally isolates of c. Growth simulation and discrimination of botrytis cinerea. Colletotrichum acutatum is a significant preand postharvest pathogen worldwide. Anthracnose fruit rot and colletotrichum crown rot are important diseases of strawberry worldwide 9,23,24. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext.
Root necrosis of strawberry caused by colletotrichum. Many of the species in this genus are plant pathogens, but some species may have a mutualistic relationship with hosts. This paper includes one new species, colletotrichum dracaenophilum, and three new combinations, colletotrichum phormii, glomerella phormii, and phaeosphaeriopsis phacidiomorpha. Colletotrichum acutatum is widely known as a fruit rot pathogen, but also infects other strawberry organs, includ ing the roots. Pdf colletotrichum acutatum is major pathogen of fruit crops, causing economically important losses of temperate, subtropical and tropical fruits. Colletotrichum acutatum is found worldwide on strawberry and many other crop and weed hosts. Grasse 819 infection of olive seeds by colletotrichum acutatum and its effect on germination. Host plant associations of an entomopathogenic variety of. Colletotrichum acutatum is major pathogen of fruit crops, causing economically important losses of temperate, subtropical and tropical fruits worldwide. Using a phmeter, the ph was adjusted by addition of hcl and naoh 1n 15. Anthracnose of strawberry university of california.
The morphological features studied were colony morphology, conidial sizes, and shapes. Based on colony characteristics, each species was grouped into 5, 8, and 7 phenotypes, respectively. This pathogen is currently controlled by fungicide sprays. Lifestyle of colletotrichum acutatum article pdf available in plant disease 898. Plant pathology herbarium, queensland primary industries and. The culture media pda has been stamped, according to the desired ph, by different buffers table 1 15. In new zealand summer rots caused by colletotrichum acutatum simmonds bitter rot result in significant loss. Morphological and molecular identification of colletotrichum. However, there are no living strains available and the taxonomic position of this species is unclear 201906. Postbloom fruit drop pfd is caused by both colletotrichum acutatum and c. Both colletotrichum species have been associated with seed.
Antifungal activity of leaf extract of ficus septica. Identification of colletotrichum species has long been difficult due to limited morphological characters. Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, colletotrichum acutatum, colletotrichum coccodes, and colletotrichum dematium are the four main species of colletotrichum that cause tomato anthracnose. December growth simulation and discrimination of botrytis cinerea, rhizopus stolonifer and colletotrichum acutatum using hyperspectral reflectance imaging ye sun.
Biology and physiology of colletotrichum acutatum strains. This is a pdf file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. Chilli anthracnose disease caused by colletotrichum species. Simmonds, queensland journal of agricultural and animal science 22. Light has several conspicuous effects on fungal cultures.
Colletotrichum acutatum ca6 according to the variation of some factors temperature, ph, activity of the water was evaluated by calculating the percentage of inhibition of mycelial growth on petri dishes by dual culture technique on pda. The microbial antagonists inhibited mycelial growth in the dual culture assay and conidial germination of colletotrichum isolates. Nov 14, 2012 postbloom fruit drop pfd is caused by both colletotrichum acutatum and c. Pfister harvard university herbaria, cambridge, massachusetts 028 abstract. The colletotrichum acutatum species complex sciencedirect. Assessment of the effect of environmental factors on the. Species of the plantpathogenic fungal genus colletotrichum c.
Colletotrichum acutatum is a sordariomycete ascomycota and an important pathogen of several major crops, including tomato, strawberry, almond, citrus, and apples. Miles department of plant, soil and microbial sciences, michigan state university, center for integrated plant systems, 578 wilson road rm. The ms system operated with an electron impact of 70 ev, an acceleration voltage of 1. Root necrosis of strawberry caused by colletotrichum acutatum 2 build up and the weather is favorable, flowers and fruit are attacked and lesions may develop on the petioles figure 5. Ishs vi international strawberry symposium characterization of colletotrichum acutatum, the causal species of. Colletotrichum crown rot anthracnose crown rot of strawberries 2 c. Antifungal activity of extracts, essential oil and constituents from petroselinum crispum against colletotrichum acutatum for 6 min. It also causes the disease postbloom fruit drop on many varieties of citrus, especially valencia and navel oranges in florida. Colletotrichum acutatum species complex is a diverse yet relatively closely related. Symptoms of anthracnose fruit rot include sunken necrotic lesions with abundant conidia in acervuli 4.
Colletotrichum acutatum an overview sciencedirect topics. Anthracnose ripe rot colletotrichum acutatum fungus anthracnose is a serious pre and postharvest fruit rot in most blueberrygrowing regions. Colletotrichum species has been reported to cause anthracnose disease of other berries such as blueberry and strawberry 14, 15. Metabolism and antifungal activity of safrole, dillapiole. Etiology and population genetics of colletotrichum spp. Phyllachoraceae, a wellknown plant pathogen, was the most commonly recovered fungus from these infected scales. Response to foliar infection by colletotrichum acutatum simmonds ex simmonds was assayed in a diverse group of 149 blueberry cultivars and selections using a detached leafdisk assay. The causal organism responsible for the recent outbreak of. Compounds alone and in combination with yeasts to control colletotrichum acutatum in apples.
Pdf characterization of colletotrichum acutatum isolates. Antifungal activity of extracts, essential oil and. A fungus isolated from norway maple acer platanoides in the boston, massachusetts, area was determined to be a species of. Pdf the biology of colletotrichum acutatum researchgate. Blighted leaves and flowers gray, fuzzy growth on terminal leaves and flowers spots. The fruit rot manifests itself as sunken ar eas on ripe fruit with gelati nous, orange spore masses. Colletotrichum acutatum is known as an important anthracnose pathogen of a wide range of host plants worldwide. It is the organism that causes the most destructive fungal disease, anthracnose, of lupin species worldwide. The fungus can also overwinter on other host species near the orchard. From the pathogenicity test, it is certain that, colletotrichum acutatum is the causal organism of the anthracnose disease of solanum torvum. Leafwetness and temperature data indicated that plants exposed to prevailing environmental field conditions and natural inoculum in 20012003 required 10 hr of leaf. Multilocus molecular phylogenetic analysis its, act, tub2, chs1, gapdh, his3 of 331 strains previously identified as c. Epidemiology, histopathology and aetiology of olive.
These fungi survive well in association with crop debris. A glomerella species phylogenetically related to colletotrichum acutatum on norway maple in massachusetts katherine f. Colletotrichum acutatum collacdocuments eppo global database. One group contained the holotype and two paratypes of c. Root necrosis of strawberry caused by colletotrichum acutatum. This page was last edited on 15 september 2017, at 00. This project was initiated to investigate if populations of naturally occurring yeast biological control agents could be enhanced by application of benign compounds in the field as an alternative means of control. Species from the colletotrichum acutatum, colletotrichum. Naira acentre for plant and food science, university of western sydney, locked bag 1797, penrith south. The fungus incites necrotic lesions in petals and stigmas leading to.
First report of dampingoff on strawberry tree caused by colletotrichum acutatum and c. The mechanisms of infection and survival of the causal agents remain to be fully elucidated. Combined metabarcoding and multilocus approach for. Pdf the colletotrichum acutatum species complex researchgate. Characterization of colletotrichum acutatum isolates causing anthracnose of almond and peach in california. Although it is sometimes isolated from crown tissue, decline and wilt symptoms caused by this species are generally due to bud and root infection. Multilocus molecular phylogenetic analysis its, act, tub2. Simmonds, queensland journal of agricultural and animal science 25. There are many cultivars available with pink or white flower bract colors and. Colletotrichum acutatum spores infect green fruit in the field rot symptoms develop on ripe fruit most losses occur after harvest, on fresh fruit in storage.
A taxonomic reassessment of colletotrichum acutatum. The effect of environmental factors on infection of. Latinovic y vucinic z, nonconventional chemical control of olive anthracnose. Pathogenicity assays on various index plants revealed that coll524 was highly virulent and coll153 was moderately virulent to three commercially available. Sep 15, 2012 colletotrichum acutatum is known as an important anthracnose pathogen of a wide range of host plants worldwide. Colletotrichum orbiculare is widely distributed in most regions where cucurbits are grown. Pdf compounds alone and in combination with yeasts to. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Symptoms of athracnose can occur on several fruits and other crops such as strawberry, sweet and sour cherry, apple, almond, papaya, blueberries, mango, tamarillo and loquat fruit. The fungus incites necrotic lesions in petals and stigmas leading to premature fruit drop and reduced yield.
1628 890 118 1099 531 178 1211 736 1243 398 1284 569 900 30 341 745 1296 867 1530 1639 1317 42 164 1507 1515 801 306 680 954 836 905 857 722 1075